The following is an all-encompassing list written with the purpose of educating a newcomer or a lapsed Catholic in the happenings of the church. Understanding each item on the list will be enough to bring someone fully up to speed with the Catholic Faith, where they can attend ceremonies without feeling lost. This list focuses on practical knowledge, fundamental dogma, and some broad historical knowledge. Theological debates, philosophy, opinions, stories, and other "soft" information is not covered.
The holidays and saints are localized in Kraków, Poland. Readers can use this as an example to localize their own region.
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Click here for learning the individual parts of a Mass.
Apostles' Creed
I believe in God, the Father almighty, Creator of heaven and earth,
and in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord,
who was conceived by the Holy Spirit,born of the Virgin Mary,
suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died and was buried;
he descended into hell; on the third day he rose again from the dead;
he ascended into heaven, and is seated at the right hand of God the Father almighty;
from there he will come to judge the living and the dead.
I believe in the Holy Spirit,
the holy catholic Church, the communion of saints,
I am the Lord your God; you shall not have strange gods before me.
You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain.
Remember to keep holy the Lord’s Day.
Honor your father and your mother.
You shall not kill.
You shall not commit adultery.
You shall not steal.
You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.
You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife.
You shall not covet your neighbor’s goods.
Precepts of the Church
Attend Mass on Sundays and Holy Days of Obligation.
Confess your sins at least once a year.
Receive Holy Communion at least during the Easter season.
Observe the prescribed days of fasting and abstinence.
Provide for the material needs of the Church, according to your ability.
SacramentsInitiation
Baptism
Eucharist
Confirmation
Healing
Penance
Anointing of the Sick
Service
Holy Orders
Matrimony
VirtuesTheological
Faith
Hope
Charity
Cardinal
Prudence
Justice
Fortitude
Temperance
Sins and VicesOriginal SinActual Sin
Mortal Sin
Venial Sin
Sins Against the Holy Ghost
Despairing of being saved
Presuming on being saved without merit
Opposing the known truth
Envying another's graces
Obstinately remaining in sin
Final impenitence
Sins Which Cry to God for Vengeance
Willful murder
The sin of sodomy
Oppression of the poor
Defrauding labourers of their wages
Capital Vices
Pride
Covetousness
Lust
Anger
Gluttony
Envy
Sloth
PrayerNiceno-Constantinopolitan Creed
I believe in one God, the Father almighty, maker of heaven and earth, of all things visible and invisible.
I believe in one Lord Jesus Christ, the Only Begotten Son of God, born of the Father before all ages. God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God, begotten, not made, consubstantial with the Father; through him all things were made.
For us men and for our salvation he came down from heaven, and by the Holy Spirit was incarnate of the Virgin Mary, and became man.
For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate.
He suffered death and was buried
and rose again on the third day in accordance with the Scriptures.
He ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father.
He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead and his kingdom will have no end.
I believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life, who proceeds from the Father and the Son, who with the Father and the Son is adored and glorified, who has spoken through the prophets.
I believe in one, holy, catholic and apostolic Church.
I confess one baptism for the forgiveness of sins
I look forward to the resurrection of the dead
and the life of the world to come. Amen.
Our Father
Our Father who art in Heaven
Hallowed be Thy Name
Thy kingdom come
Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven
Give us this day our daily bread
And forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us
And lead us not into temptation
But deliver us from evil. Amen
Hail Mary
Hail Mary, full of grace
The Lord is with thee
Blessed art thou amongst women
And blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus
Holy Mary, Mother of God
Pray for us sinners
Now and at the hour of our death. Amen
Noteworthy Prayers
Glory Be (Doxology)
Apostles’ Creed
Nicene Creed
Act of Contrition
Hail Holy Queen (Salve Regina)
The Angelus
Prayer to Saint Michael the Archangel
Magnificat
Canticle of Mary
Divine Office
Lauds (morning)
Terce (early-afternoon)
Sext (mid-afternoon)
None "noh-nay" (late-afternoon)
Vespers I (evening)
Vespers II (evening)
Complines (before bed)
Matins (night)
Devotions
The Rosary
Divine Mercy Chaplet
Eucharistic Adoration
Stations of the Cross
Sacred Heart of Jesus / Immaculate Heart of Mary
ApostlesOriginal Twelve
Peter (also called Simon)
James the Greater (son of Zebedee)
John (brother of James the Greater)
Andrew (brother of Peter)
Philip
Bartholomew (also known as Nathanael)
Matthew (also known as Levi, the tax collector)
Thomas (also called Didymus)
James the Less (son of Alphaeus)
Thaddeus (also called Jude, son of James)
Simon the Zealot
Judas Iscariot (who betrayed Jesus)
Matthias
Matthias was chosen by the remaining apostles to replace Judas (Acts 1:26)
MiscellaneousGifts of the Holy Ghost
Wisdom
Understanding
Counsel
Fortitude
Knowledge
Piety
Fear of the Lord
Fruits of the Holy Ghost
Charity (Love)
Joy
Peace
Patience
Kindness
Goodness
Longanimity (Long-suffering)
Mildness (Gentleness)
Faith (Faithfulness)
Modesty
Continency (Self-restraint)
Chastity
The Beatitudes
Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven
Blessed are the meek, for they shall possess the land
Blessed are they that mourn, for they shall be comforted
Blessed are they that hunger and thirst after justice, for they shall be filled
Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy
Blessed are the clean of heart, for they shall see God
Blessed are the peace makers, for they shall be called the children of God
Blessed are they that suffer persecution for justice' sake for of such is the kingdom of heaven
Mary
Immaculate Conception
Assumption
Partial Purification
Purgatory
Indulgence
Church StructureHierarchy
The Pope
Cardinals
Archbishops
Bishops
Priests
Deacons
Laity
Religious Sisters and Brothers
Infrastructure
Diocese
Parish
Cathedral
Basilica
Chapel
Monastery
Shrine
Seasons and Feasts
Advent
Christmas
Lent
Holy Week
Easter
Pentecost
Ordinary Time
Vigil
Octave
Liturgical Objects
Altar
Tabernacle
Sanctuary Lamp
Crucifix
Vestments
Chalice and Paten
Canon LawThe VaticanOld TestamentPentateuch (Law)
Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy
Historical
Joshua
Judges
Ruth
1 Samuel
2 Samuel
1 Kings
2 Kings
1 Chronicles
2 Chronicles
Ezra
Nehemiah
Tobit (deuterocanonical)
Judith (deuterocanonical)
Esther (with Greek additions, deuterocanonical)
1 Maccabees (deuterocanonical)
2 Maccabees (deuterocanonical)
Wisdom Literature
Job
Psalms
Proverbs
Ecclesiastes
Song of Songs
Wisdom (deuterocanonical)
Sirach / Ecclesiasticus (deuterocanonical)
Prophetic Books
Isaiah
Jeremiah
Lamentations
Baruch (Deuterocanonical)
Ezekiel
Daniel (with Greek additions – Deuterocanonical)
Hosea
Joel
Amos
Obadiah
Jonah
Micah
Nahum
Habakkuk
Zephaniah
Haggai
Zechariah
Malachi
New TestamentThe Gospels
Matthew
Mark
Luke
John
Historical Book
Acts of the Apostles
Pauline Epistles
Romans
1 Corinthians
2 Corinthians
Galatians
Ephesians
Philippians
Colossians
1 Thessalonians
2 Thessalonians
1 Timothy
2 Timothy
Titus
Philemon
Catholic (General) Epistles
Hebrews
James
1 Peter
2 Peter
1 John
2 John
3 John
Jude
Apocalyptic Book
Revelation (Apocalypse of John)
SaintsNoteworthy Saints Unique to Kraków
Blessed Salomea – Nun connected with Kraków
Blessed Jan Franciszek Macha – Priest and martyr from Kraków area
Blessed Klemens Janicki – Renaissance poet and priest associated with Kraków
Blessed Maria Karłowska – Founder of religious congregations, active in Kraków
Blessed Michał Giedroyć – Hermit and mystic associated with Kraków
Blessed Józef Bilczewski – Archbishop of Lviv, studied and served in Kraków
Blessed Bronisław Markiewicz – Priest and founder of religious orders, active in Kraków
St. Florian – Patron saint of Kraków firefighters and guilds
Blessed Jan Beyzym – Jesuit missionary and physician, connected with Kraków
St. Elizabeth of Hungary – Princess and charity worker, influential in Kraków region
Noteworthy Saints Unique to Poland List (Not on Kraków List)
St. Hedwig of Silesia – Duchess and patroness of Silesia
St. Faustina Kowalska – Apostle of Divine Mercy
St. Adalbert of Prague (Wojciech) – Missionary bishop and martyr
St. Andrew Bobola – Jesuit martyr and patron saint of Poland
St. Casimir – Patron saint of Lithuania and Poland
St. Rafał Kalinowski – Carmelite priest and patriot
St. Kinga (Cunegunda) of Poland – Princess and nun
St. Józef Sebastian Pelczar – Bishop and social reformer
St. Zygmunt Gorazdowski – Priest and founder of charitable institutions
Blessed Jerzy Popiełuszko – Modern martyr and symbol of Solidarity
Noteworthy Saints in General (Not in Kraków or Poland List)
St. Peter – The first pope and leader of the apostles, foundational figure of the Church
St. Paul – Apostle to the Gentiles and prolific early Church writer, author of many Epistles
St. Augustine of Hippo – Influential theologian and Doctor of the Church known for Confessions and City of God
St. Thomas Aquinas – Theologian and philosopher, author of Summa Theologica and Doctor of the Church
St. Francis of Assisi – Founder of the Franciscan Order, known for his love of poverty and nature
St. Teresa of Ávila – Mystic and reformer of the Carmelite order, declared a Doctor of the Church
St. Catherine of Siena – Mystic and Doctor of the Church, influential adviser to popes
St. Joan of Arc – Warrior saint and patroness of France, martyr and symbol of courage
St. Ignatius of Loyola – Founder of the Jesuit order, major figure in Catholic Counter-Reformation
St. Gregory the Great – Pope known for Gregorian Chant and strengthening the medieval Church
HolidaysMajor Holidays in Poland
Epiphany (Święto Trzech Króli) – January 6
Palm Sunday (Niedziela Palmowa) – Sunday before Easter
Good Friday (Wielki Piątek) – Friday before Easter
Easter (Wielkanoc) – Date varies (spring Sunday)
Feast of St. Stanislaus (Święto św. Stanisława) – April 11 (Patron saint of Poland)
Feast of St. Andrew Bobola – May 16 (Polish martyr and saint)
Corpus Christi (Boże Ciało) – Thursday after Trinity Sunday
St. John’s Day / Midsummer (Noc Świętojańska / Sobótka) – June 24
Assumption of Mary (Wniebowzięcie NMP) – August 15
Feast of Our Lady of Czestochowa (Matka Boska Częstochowska) – August 26
All Saints' Day (Wszystkich Świętych) – November 1
Feast of the Immaculate Conception (Niepokalane Poczęcie NMP) – December 8
Christmas (Boże Narodzenie) – December 25
Ascension of Jesus (Wniebowstąpienie Pańskie) – 40 days after Easter
Pentecost (Zesłanie Ducha Świętego / Zielone Świątki) – 50 days after Easter
Major Holidays Localized in Kraków
Feast of St. Stanislaus – April 11
Special Masses at Kraków’s Wawel Cathedral, where St. Stanislaus is buried. Local pilgrimages and celebrations honoring Poland’s patron saint.
Easter (Wielkanoc) – Easter Saturday
Święconka: Blessing of Easter baskets on Holy Saturday. Śmigus-Dyngus: Playful sprinkling of water. Traditional Easter breakfast with babka and mazurek.
Corpus Christi (Boże Ciało) – Thursday after Trinity Sunday
Elaborate outdoor processions through the streets of Kraków with altars and flower petals. Community participation in reenacting Christ’s presence in the Eucharist.
St. John’s Day / Midsummer Night (Noc Świętojańska) – June 24
Bonfires and folk festivities, sometimes combined with Christian prayers. Traditional singing and dancing in open-air gatherings.
All Saints' Day (Wszystkich Świętych) – November 1
Visiting cemeteries, lighting candles on graves, and prayer for the deceased. The Wawel Cathedral and Rakowicki Cemetery are especially significant places for locals.
Nativity Scenes Contest – December
Kraków holds annual competitions for the most creative szopka, blending local architecture with the Christmas story.
Christmas (Boże Narodzenie) – December 25
Wigilia supper with 12 dishes, opłatek sharing, Midnight Mass (Pasterka), and nativity scenes (szopki krakowskie).
Minor Holidays in Poland and Kraków
Feast of the Presentation of the Lord (Matki Bożej Gromnicznej) – February 2
Blessing of candles (gromnice) symbolizing Christ as the Light of the World.
Feast of St. Joseph (Świętego Józefa) – March 19
Patron of workers and families; special Masses and devotions.
Annunciation of the Lord (Zwiastowanie Pańskie) – March 25
Celebrates the angel Gabriel’s announcement to Mary.
Feast of the Visitation (Wizytacja Najświętszej Maryi Panny) – May 31
Commemorates Mary’s visit to Elizabeth.
Feast of Saints Peter and Paul (Świętych Piotra i Pawła) – June 29
Celebrated with Masses and sometimes local festivities.
Feast of the Transfiguration (Przemienienie Pańskie) – August 6
Reflects Christ’s divine glory on the mountain.
Exaltation of the Holy Cross (Podniesienie Krzyża Świętego) – September 14
Commemorates the cross used in Christ’s crucifixion.
Feast of St. Michael the Archangel (Świętego Michała Archanioła) – September 29
Honoring the protector and leader of heavenly armies.
Guardian Angels’ Feast (Świętych Aniołów Stróżów) – October 2
Celebrates the belief in personal guardian angels.
All Souls’ Day (Dzień Zaduszny) – November 2
Prayers for the souls in purgatory; often linked with All Saints' Day.
Feast of Christ the King – Last Sunday of the liturgical year (November)
Celebrates the sovereignty of Christ over all creation.
St. Barbara’s Day – December 4
Important in mining regions like Silesia, but recognized elsewhere.